TOURIST ATTRACTIONS Dien Bien Phu Vestiges Dien Bien Phu, over 474 km Northwest of Ha Noi, is situated in the Muong Thanh plains and surrounded by high mountains. Dien Bien Phu was once the location of the battle¬field where historical combats between the Vietnamese People\'s Army and the French Colonialists Expeditionary Corps took place. The valley of Dien Bien Phu was 18 km long and 6-8 km wide when the Dien Bien Phu campaign began. To date, the valley spreads over 20km long. On 20 November 1953, French paratroopers occupied the valley and built 49 strongholds in three sub-sections. After the victorious battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954, almost all historical sites of this battle lying to the east of the Muong Thanh field, have been preserved in tact. Among these sites include artillery emplacements, remains of airplanes, the Muong Thanh Bridge, the command bunker of De Castries, Hill A1, and the cemetery. Following are a list of recommended places relating Dien Bien Phu campaign: The cemeteries in Hill A1 (644 tombs) and Doc Lap Hill (2432 tombs): This is the rest-ing - place of Vietnamese soldiers who sacri¬ficed heroically in the Dien Bien campaign. In Hill A1 lie the tombs of heroic martyrs such as To Vinh Dien, Be Van Dan, Phan Dinh Giot, and Tran Can. Hill A1: This height stands block the way to the northeast sub-section. It has a significant role, controlling the whole battle of Dien Bien Phu. During 36 nights and days, the fierce battle claimed the lives of 2516 Vietnamese soldiers. Only until the night of 6 May 1954 did Vietnamese soldiers win this decisive battle. Muong Thanh Airfield: This was the strong¬hold 206 and the central airport of the entrenched camp of Dien Bien Phu. Currently, this airport is renamed Dien Bien and becomes one of the destinations in the flight system of the Viet Nam Civil Aviation. The Command bunker of the Dien Bien Phu entrenched camp: De Castries worked inside the bunker. The original shape and size, structure and arrangement of the bunker are kept intact. Him Lam Hill: On 13 March 1954, Vietnamese troops fought the first battle in Him Lam hill, which is situated to the northwest of the valley. Doc Lap Hill: Vietnamese troops liberated the hill on 15 March 1954. Hills C, D and E are well preserved. From afar, one can easily recognize the name of these hills. Atop Hill D1 stands the Dien Bien Phu Victory Monument. The Command post of the Vietnamese soldiers from January 21 to May 8, 1954: It is situated in a primitive forest in Muong Phang Commune. Here one will find the hut where General Vo Nguyen Giap worked and other huts for information and military opera¬tion discussion. These are the historical sites of the 56-day and night fierce battle of Vietnamese troops and people, which results in our glorious vic¬tory of Dien Bien Phu. Museum of Dien Bien Phu Victory The museum of Dien Bien ^hu victory lies opposite the cemetery of Vietnamese martyrs in Hill A1, which is now in the centre of Dien Bien Phu City. The museum was built in 1984 in celebration of the 30th anniversary of Dien Bien Phu victory. By the end of 2003, the museum was upgraded and its exhibition sections reorganized. To date, the museum has five exhibition sections, featuring 274 items and 122 pictures, many of which are newly added, about the 8-year resistance against the French colonialists. The five sec¬tions have the following contents: - The strategic location of Dien Bien Phu. - The enemy\'s scheme at Dien Bien Phu. - The Party\'s guideline regarding prepara¬tions for the Dien Bien Phu campaign. - Impacts of Dien Bien Phu domestically and internationally. - Present-day Dien Bien Phu. Open time: Jam - 11am/ 1.30pm - 5pm. Ticket: VND5,000. Dien Bien Phu Victory Monument Located in the city centre, Hill D1 (Dominique) features the largest bronze monument ever cast in Viet Nam, Dien Bien Phu Victory Monument with 12.6m high, and 120 ton weight is placed in the pedestal which is 3.6m high, 8m wide and 10m long. The monument is erected in the celebration of the 50th anniversary of this important battle in 2004. The monument features three Vietnamese soldiers standing atop the French garrison, one hoisting a flag, one holding a gun and another carrying a child holding flowers. On the flag is written the motto “Quyet chien, Quyet thang” (Determined to fight, determined to win). Ban Phu Citadel-Hoang Cong Chat Temple In the 18th century, Phe invaders from China occupied Muong Thanh region and gar-risoned their troops in the Tam Van Citadel (or Sam Mun Citadel) of Lu people\'s lords (belongs to the present Noong Het Commune, Dien Bien District). Hoang Cong Chat - the leader of a peasant\'s movement in the 18th century - cooperated with local troops to drive away the aggressors and liberate Muong Thanh. He had the Ban Phu Citadel built in the foundation of Tam Van Citadel to stand guard the national border. Ban Phu Citadel was built from 1758 to 1762 and cov¬ered an area of 12ha. In front of the citadel were deep ditch, and two systems of defence works, which were 3km long and approxi- . mately 2m high. The foot of the citadel was H covered with clusters of bamboo. At present, | a part of the wall of Ban Phu Citadel is restored so that visitors can picture the citadel of the past. After he died in 1769, Dien Bien residents erected a temple named Hoang Cong Chat Temple in the Ban Phu Citadel to commemo¬rate his merit. The temple is now about 12km from the centre of Dien Bien Phu City. Pha Din Pass In the local language, Pha Din means heaven and earth, and according to local legend, Pha Din was the frontier between Heaven and Earth. Php Din Pass is located 1,000m above sea level. Climbing and descending the slopes with their many bends and deep gorges, amid such magnificent scenery, is an unforgettable trip. Pa Khoang Reservoir Pa Khoang Reservoir is located in Muong Phang Commune, Dien Bien District, 20km from the Dien Bien Phu City. Initially, Pa Khoang was just a stream. However, when irrigation works were built, the stream became a lovely lake with a system of drainage and watertight gates used to regu¬late the water running onto the thousands of hectares of rice fields. With a large surface area of 400 to 600ha, Pa Khoang displays charming scenery of pretty stilt-houses mirrored in the transparent water upon which some small boats slowly glide across. Pa Khoang Reservoir offers favourable conditions for a combination of eco-tourism and outdoor activities. Tham Pua Cave Located in Bung Lao Commune, Tuan Giao District, Tham Pua Cave is an untouched nat-ural site. It is extremely large and deep, with a height of 10m, and it is comprised of many small crevices and tunnels. A big, even, flat rock stands in the middle of the cave like a large table. Stalactites in various figures such as dragons, lions, phoenixes, elephants and beautiful orchids hang down from the walls of the cave. Tham Pua is not only a cave of natural beau¬ty, but also a place where stone axes, pes¬tles, and animal fossils have been found. It was listed among the National Historical Sites and it is becoming an attractive place for tourism. Tham Pua was also the first Command Post of Dien Bien Phu Campaign (at the end of 1953 to the 18 January 1954). On the 14 January 1954, an important meeting of the Viet Nam Army to carry out the plan \"quickly attack and quickly advance\" took place in this cave.
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